ESPAÑOL

Abstract

Recurrent anteroinferior shoulder dislocation is the consequence of an acute traumatic dislocation which, in young patients, under twenty years old, has been estimated to reach 97% of recurrence, but which decreases with increasing age, except in older patients with associated rotator cuff tears. Being a disabling pathology that affects people's quality of life, there is a greater tendency to treat it by surgical methods than with rehabilitation. The fundamental lesion is the detachment of the anterior labrum of the glenoid known as the Bankart-Perthes lesion, a structure that has limitations to heal anatomically with bloodless treatments, perpetuating instability. As the dislocation recurs, there are associated bone lesions both in the glenoid called Bony Bankart, as well as in the humeral head in its posterior superior region or Hill-Sachs lesion, which increase the possibility of recurrence. Different open and arthroscopic techniques have been described to correct dislocation, but due to the heterogeneity of the lesion, there is no gold standard treatment to correct it. Our objective is to describe the clinical results in patients with recurrent anteroinferior shoulder dislocation who underwent arthroscopic Bankart/plication repair and fill surgery and correlate the results with the preoperative ISIS scale. The medical records of patients with a diagnosis of shoulder joint dislocation (S430) (M253), who were taken to surgery between June 2015 and January 2019, were reviewed, analyzing characteristics of the injury(s), classification preoperative according to the ISIS scale, type of surgical procedure(s) performed and number of implants. Of twenty-five patients operated by the senior author (MMA) for recurrent shoulder dislocation, twenty-three completed follow-up with Bankart/plication repair procedures and the addition of a fill in Hill-Sachs engaging lesions. All had a preoperative ISIS scale equal to or less than 6. At the end of follow-up, no patient reported recurrence of their dislocation.

In our casuistry, Bankart/plication repair in patients with non-engaging Hill-Sachs lesions in association with filling produces excellent results in the short and medium term when the ISIS scale is equal to or less than 6.